Context in India in 2024

India’s 2024 landscape blends continuity and fresh momentum. The BJP under Narendra Modi retains the upper hand, yet a newly coordinated opposition signals growing electoral choice. Public debate centers on inflation, unemployment, and inclusive growth as India pursues greater global influence while meeting domestic needs.

India’s new Labour Policy for unorganised workers is a major step forward in improving their well-being. The e-Shram portal makes it easier for workers to access social security benefits and track their entitlements all in one place. With new labour laws being developed to protect informal workers, including those in the gig economy, the government is taking important steps to simplify and strengthen workers' rights. These changes, including the finalisation of key labour codes, will help ensure better social security and a safer working environment for unorganised workers, paving the way for a fairer and more supportive labour system. The increase in minimum wages for informal sector workers (October 2024) and the ongoing changes to labour policies in India are positive steps toward improving the lives of workers. These adjustments ai m to help workers cope with rising living costs and enhance their overall standard of living. Additionally, the government's efforts to formalize the workforce and improve social security for unorganised workers are important for creating a more secure and fair working environment. While there are challenges to overcome, these reforms hold the potential to bring about long-term benefits, fostering a more equitable and supportive labour market.

As of 2024, India has made important progress in women’s rights, with stronger legal protections for property, employment, and marriage. The passing of the Women’s Reservation Bill in 2023, which reserves 33% of seats in Parliament and state assemblies for women, is a big step forward. While challenges like safety, equal pay, and maternity benefits still exist, women are becoming more involved in the workforce and politics. Efforts are being made to improve women’s representation and address issues of violence, with growing calls for better protection and equality. These positive changes are setting the stage for a more inclusive and equal future for women in India.